Schematic representation of phases II III and IV of human swallowing Biology Diagrams Normal swallowing requires a coordinated effort of over thirty muscles, the central nervous system, and five cranial nerves. Other key anatomical structures involved in this process are the nose, nasal cavity, oral cavity, and pharynx. This article explores the relevant anatomy and physiology of normal swallowing.
Swallowing, also called deglutition or inglutition [1] in scientific contexts, is the process in the body of a human that allows for a substance to pass from the mouth, to the pharynx, and into the esophagus, while shutting the epiglottis.Swallowing is an important part of eating and drinking.If the process fails and the material (such as food, drink, or medicine) goes through the trachea Deglutition or swallowing is an innate function. Swallowing sounds like a simple physiological human function, but it is a complex, multifaceted process involving a variety of muscles and nerves. It is the starting point for the peristaltic transport of food to the stomach. Deglutition in humans can be of three distinct phases: oral phase, pharyngeal phase, and esophageal phase, of which the Swallowing, or deglutition, is a complex reflex mechanism by which food is pushed from the oral cavity into the esophagus and then pushed to the stomach. E. N. Marieb, H. Katja: Human Anatomy & Physiology, 10th edition, Pearson Education Limited (2015), p. 877-879, 891-892;
Physiology, Swallowing Biology Diagrams
Draw the swallow mechanism; Describe anatomical differences in the swallowing mechanism across the life span; Identify oral and pharyngeal muscles important in swallowing; Describe the physiology of the healthy swallow in infants, children, adults, and geriatric populations; Define neuroanatomical structures important in swallowing The process of swallowing, also known as deglutition, involves the movement of substances from the mouth (oral cavity) to the stomach via the pharynx and esophagus. Swallowing is an essential and complex behavior learned very early in development. This pathway shares anatomy with the airway; thus, in addition to directing food into the digestive tract, the swallowing mechanism serves as a
The structures involved with the process of swallowing include the tongue, teeth, epiglottis, and esophagus. The teeth are used to grind and chop up food int Anatomy & Physiology of Swallowing . The act of swallowing (degluttition) is an intricate action involving the integration of a complex series of sensory and motor responses. The act of swallowing must occur in a sequential and coordinated fashion in order to propel the food bolus into the esophagus and stomach without penetration into the
Physiology, Anatomy & Processes Biology Diagrams
This displacement tucks the larynx under the base of the tongue. The epiglottis tilts backward to seal the laryngeal vestibule. The mechanism of the epiglottic tilting in human swallowing remains unclear, but is probably related to hyo-laryngeal elevation, pharyngeal constriction, bolus movement, and tongue base retraction. 18
