Chromosome fragmentation defects linked to homolog Biology Diagrams After mitotic shake-off to remove any cells in mitosis, cells were treated with colcemid and chromosome spreads were stained with DAPI and scored for the percentage of chromatids displaying cohesion defects (n = 50 per treatment). Chromosomes from ATRX-depleted cells showed reduced cohesion compared with control-treated cells. (D) Microscopic
Aneuploidy is a recurring hallmark in many cancer types, and abnormalities in chromosomal cohesion and separation have been identified as significant contributors to various cancers, such as acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, colorectal, bladder, and other solid cancers. Hirano T. Chromosome cohesion, condensation, and Chromosome cohesion is established during S phase (when the chromosomes are replicated) and is then dissolved completely in metaphase to allow sister chromatids to come apart. The dissolution of cohesion is highly regulated; human cell lines that have defects in the regulation of cohesion show the hallmarks of cancer cells .
Sister Chromatid Cohesion, Chromosome ... Biology Diagrams
Similarly, CDC4 was known to play a role in chromosome stability and to have a variety of other functions, but there were no previous data linking CDC4 mutations to cohesion defects. Our study demonstrates that down-regulation of these genes leads to cohesion defects in human cells, and also identifies somatic mutations in human cancers in Furthermore, cohesion defects correlated with RAD21 and NCAPG mRNA expression, suggesting a link to reduced cohesin and condensin levels in hyperdiploid ALL. Knockdown of RAD21 in an ALL cell line led to sister chromatid cohesion defects, aberrant mitoses, and increased heterogeneity in chromosomal copy numbers, similar to what was seen in
Similarly to bulky chromosome bridges, they can be visualized by DAPI staining and revealed in cells transiting anaphase. They are mainly associated with defects intrinsic to mitosis such as abnormal microtubule-kinetochore attachments, centrosome amplification, aberrant spindle assembly checkpoint, and defects in sister chromatid cohesion.
Sister chromatid cohesion defects are associated with ... Biology Diagrams
We found that primary HeH frequently have severe cohesion defects in metaphase chromosomes that are associated with increased chromosomal copy number heterogeneity, indicating that a subset of HeH ALL may possibly harbor CIN. Our data point to a novel opportunity for targeted therapy in HeH ALL, in line with other cancers with cohesion defects. First, sister chromatids are resolved from each other while both sister chromatid cohesion and DNA catenation are removed (sister chromatid resolution). Second, each chromatid is folded both axially and laterally (chromosome folding). We found that, whereas 16% of NCAPD2-Cer control cells showed defects in chromosome segregation (categories
